Table of Contents
NOTE: -This document was written based on Oracle, version 8.1.6. -However, the same approach should lead to a successful installation of -Oracle 8.1.7. If you encounter any incompatibilities, please -let us know
You can obtain the software through a variety of methods:
Order a CD from the Oracle Store. -There is a link under the heading Buying Tips that says "Learn -how to trial Oracle software." Click this for instructions on how to -make your order. The cost is currently $39.95 with delivery estimated between -3-4 business days. - - -
Request a free demonstration CD. At the -Oracle Downloads page, click on the appropriate version of Oracle 8.1.6 -Release 2 for your OS. You should see a "Try Online" link. After -filling out some information forms, you should be able to order a version of -the CD. This takes about 2-3 weeks for delivery. - - -
You can download Oracle from the Technet ftp site. The Linux version is -at ftp://ftp.oracle.com/pub/www/otn/linux/oracle8i/oracle8161_tar.gz
Note that the Oracle tarball that you will download is huge (> -250MB).
Oracle 8.1.6 now comes with a Java RunTime Environment built-in to the -distribution, so you no longer have to download and install it separately. - - -
After the download is complete, untar the file to a convenient location. -To do this, you will need to login and cd to the directory where the archive -is.
Install Oracle 8.1.7 + + + + + + + + + ++ +Skip this page if you're not interested in Oracle
++NOTE: This document + was originally written based on Oracle, version 8.1.6. However, the + same approach should lead to a successful installation of Oracle + 8.1.7. If you encounter any incompatibilities, please let us know +
++NOTE: We've not yet tested + OpenACS 4 under Oracle 9i
++NOTE: This document assumes that + you'll be installing Oracle on the same box as AOLServer. For more + details on a remote Oracle installation, see Daryl Biberdorf's document. +
++ ++ You can obtain the software through a variety of methods (You'll need + to become a member of technet.oracle.com, which is + free): +
++
- +
+ Order a CD from the Oracle + Store. The cost is currently $39.95 for a 30-day + evaluation copy with delivery estimated between 3-4 business + days. +
- +
+ Download the software from the + Oracle Downloads page. +
++
- +
+ Oracle 8.1.7 now comes with a Java RunTime + Environment built-in to the distribution, so you no longer + have to download and install it separately. +
- +
+ After the download is complete, untar the file + to a convenient location. To do this, you will need to login + and cd to the directory where the archive is. +
+$ cd /directory/where/oracle/is -$ tar -xzvf oracle8161_tar.gz - -
Throughout these instructions, we will refer to a number of configurable -settings and advise certain defaults. With the exception of passwords, we -advise you to follow these defaults unless you know what you are doing. -Subsequent documents will expect that you used the defaults, so a change made -here will necessitate further changes later. For a guide to the defaults, -please see Section 5.10..
Though Oracle 8.1.6 has an automated installer, we still need to perform -several manual, administrative tasks before we can launch it. You must -perform all of these steps as the root user. We recommend -entering the X window system as a user other than root and -then doing a su -. This command gives you full root access.
+ ++ It used to be possible to get a free CD by mail, but + I can no longer find the link for that option. +
+ Throughout these instructions, we will refer to a number of + configurable settings and advise certain defaults. With the exception + of passwords, we advise you to follow these defaults unless you know + what you are doing. Subsequent documents will expect that you used + the defaults, so a change made here will necessitate further changes + later. For a guide to the defaults, please see the section called “Defaults”. +
++ Though Oracle 8.1.7 has an automated installer, we still need to + perform several manual, administrative tasks before we can launch + it. You must perform all of these steps as the + root user. We recommend entering the + X window system as a normal user and then doing a su + -. This command gives you full root access. +
++ Login as a non-root user and start X by typing + startx + +
+joeuser:~$ startx+
+ Open a terminal window type and login as root +
+joeuser:~$ su - +Password: *********** +root:~#+
-
Start X by typing startx - - -
Open a terminal window type and login as root - -
-
Create and setup the oracle group and -oracle account
We need to create a user oracle, which is used to install -the product, as well as starting and stopping the database.
-Now change the oracle account password -
You will be prompted for the New Password and Confirmation of that -password.
Setup the installation location for Oracle
While Oracle can reside in a variety of places in the file system, -ArsDigita has adopted '/ora8' as the base directory.
Note: the Oracle install needs about 1 GB free on -'/ora8' to install successfully.
Set up the oracle user environment
Log in as the user oracle
In the same terminal window, type the following.
Use a text editor to edit the .bash_profile file in the -oracle account home directory.
-You may get this error trying to start emacs: -
+ We need to create a user oracle, + which is used to install the product, as well as starting and + stopping the database. +
++root:~# groupadd dba +root:~# groupadd oinstall +root:~# groupadd oracle +root:~# useradd -g dba -G oinstall,oracle -m oracle +root:~# passwd oracle++ You will be prompted for the New Password and Confirmation of + that password. +
+ +- +
+Setup the installation location for Oracle. While + Oracle can reside in a variety of places in the file system, + OpenACS has adopted /ora8 as the + base directory. +
++ Note: the Oracle install needs + about 1 GB free on /ora8 to + install successfully. +
++root:~# mkdir /ora8 +root:/ora8# cd /ora8 +root:/ora8# mkdir -p m01 m02 m03/oradata/ora8 +root:/ora8# chown -R oracle.dba /ora8 +root:/ora8# exit+- +
+ Set up the oracle user's + environment +
++
- +
++ Log in as the user + oracle by typing the + following: +
++joeuser:~$ su - oracle +Password: ********+- +
+ Use a text editor to edit the + .bash_profile file in the + oracle account home + directory. +
++oracle:~$ emacs .bash_profile++ You may get this error trying to start emacs: +
++Xlib: connection to ":0.0" refused by server Xlib: Client is not authorized to connect to Server emacs: Cannot connect to X server :0. Check the DISPLAY environment variable or use `-d'. Also use the `xhost' program to verify that it is set to permit -connections from your machine. - -
-If so, do the following. -
-Try this procedure anytime you get an Xlib connection refused error. - - -
Add the following lines to ~oracle/.bash_profile:
+ If so, open a new terminal window and do the following: +
++joeuser:~$ xhost +localhost++ Now, back in the oracle terminal: +
++oracle:~$ export DISPLAY=localhost:0.0 +oracle:~$ emacs .bash_profile++ Try this procedure anytime you get an Xlib connection refused + error. +
+ +- +
+ Add the following lines (substituting your + Oracle version number as needed) to + .bash_profile: +
+export ORACLE_BASE=/ora8/m01/app/oracle -export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/8.1.6 +export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/8.1.7 export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib export ORACLE_SID=ora8 export ORACLE_TERM=vt100 export ORA_NLS33=$ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data -umask 022 - -
Save the file by typing CTRL-X CTRL-S and then exit by typing -CTRL-X CTRL-C. Alternatively, use the menus.
-Make sure that you do not add any lines like the following -
+ Save the file by typing CTRL-X + CTRL-S and then exit by typing + CTRL-X + CTRL-C. Alternatively, use the + menus. +
+ + ++ Make sure that you do not add + any lines like the following +
+# NLS_LANG=american -# export NLS_LANG - -
These lines will change the Oracle date settings and will break the -ArsDigita Community System (ACS) because ACS depends on the ANSI date format, -YYYY-MM-DD dates.
Log out as oracle - -
-
Log back in as oracle and double check that your environment variables -are as intended -
-If it worked, you should see: -
+ These lines will change the Oracle date settings and will break + OpenACS since OpenACS depends on the ANSI date format, YYYY-MM-DD + dates. +
+ +- +
++ Log out as oracle +
++oracle:~$ exit+- +
+ Log back in as oracle and double + check that your environment variables are as intended. The + env command lists all of the + variables that are set in your environment, and + grep shows you just the lines + you want (those with ORA in it). +
++oracle:~$ su - oracle +oracle:~$ env | grep ORA++ If it worked, you should see: +
+ORACLE_SID=ora8 ORACLE_BASE=/ora8/m01/app/oracle ORACLE_TERM=vt100 -ORACLE_HOME=/ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.6 -ORA_NLS33=$ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data - -
If not, try adding the files to ~oracle/.bashrc instead of -.bash_profile. Then logout and log back in again. Also, be -certain you are doing su - and not just su. The -- means that .bashrc and .bash_profile -will be evaluated.
Make sure that /bin, /usr/bin, and -/usr/local/bin are in your path by typing:
If they are not, then add them to the .bash_profile by changing the PATH -statement above to -PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
Log in as the user oracle and start X if not already -running -
Find the 'runInstaller' script
If you are installing Oracle from a CD-ROM, it is located in the -'install/linux' path from the cd-rom mount point -
If you are installing from the tarball, the install script is located in -the 'Oracle8iR2' directory that was created when you expanded the -archive. -
-Check to make sure the file is there. -
-If you don't see runInstaller you are in the wrong -directory. - -
Run the installer -
The "File Locations" screen in the OUI: -
"Source" path should have been prefilled with "(wherever -you mounted the CDROM)/stage/products.jar" - - -
"destination" path says -"/ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.6"
If the destination is not correct it is because your environment variables -are not set properly. Make sure you logged on as oracle -using su - oracle. If so, edit the -~oracle/.bash_profile as you did in Section 5.3.
Click "Next" (a pop up window will display Loading Product -information). - - -
The "Unix Group Name" screen in the OUI: - -
The Unix Group name needs to be set to 'oinstall' ( we made this -Unix group earlier ). - - -
Click "Next" - - -
A popup window appears instantly, requesting you to run a script a root: - - -
Open a new terminal window, then type: - -
+ If not, try adding the files to + ~/.bashrc instead of + .bash_profile. Then logout and + log back in again. Also, be certain you are doing + su - oracle and not just + su oracle. The + - means that + .bashrc and + .bash_profile will be + evaluated. +
++ Make sure that /bin, + /usr/bin, and + /usr/local/bin are in your path + by typing: +
++oracle:~$ echo $PATH +/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/X11R6/bin:/home/oracle/bin:/ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/bin++ If they are not, then add them to the + .bash_profile by changing the + PATH statement above to + PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin +
+ + + ++ ++
- +
++ Log in as oracle and + start X if not already running. Start a new terminal: +
++joeuser:~$ xhost +localhost +joeuser:~$ su - oracle +Password: ********** +oracle:~$ export DISPLAY=localhost:0.0+- +
++ Find the runInstaller script +
+++
- +
++ If you are installing Oracle from a CD-ROM, it is located in + the install/linux path from + the cd-rom mount point +
++oracle:~$ su - root +root:~# mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom +root:~# exit +oracle:~$ cd /mnt/cdrom+- +
++ If you are installing from the tarball, the install script is + located in the Oracle8iR2 + directory that was created when you expanded the archive. +
++oracle:~$ cd /where/oracle/Disk1++ Check to make sure the file is there. +
++oracle:/where/oracle/Disk1$ ls +doc index.htm install runInstaller stage starterdb++ If you don't see + runInstaller, you are in the + wrong directory. +
+- +
++ Run the installer +
++oracle:/where/oracle/Disk1$ ./runInstaller++ A window will open that welcomes you to the 'Oracle Universal + Installer' (OUI). Click on + "Next" +
+- +
++ The "File Locations" screen in the OUI: +
+++
- +
+ "Source" path should have been + prefilled with "(wherever you mounted the + CDROM)/stage/products.jar" +
- +
++ "destination" path says + "/ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7" +
++ If the destination is not correct it is because your + environment variables are not set properly. Make sure you + logged on as oracle using + su - oracle. If so, edit the + ~/.bash_profile as you + did in the section called “Pre-Installation Tasks” +
+- +
+ Click "Next" (a pop up window will display Loading + Product information). +
- +
+ The "Unix Group Name" screen in the OUI: +
++
- +
+ The Unix Group name needs to be set to + 'oinstall' ( we made + this Unix group earlier ). +
- +
+ Click "Next" +
- +
+ A popup window appears instantly, requesting you + to run a script as root: +
- +
+ Open a new terminal window, then type: +
++joeuser:~$ su - +root:~# cd /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7 +root:~# ./orainstRoot.sh ; You should see: Creating Oracle Inventory pointer file (/etc/oraInst.loc) -Changing groupname of /ora8/m01/app/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall. -# exit -$ exit - -
Click "Retry" - -
The "Available Products" screen in the OUI: -
The "Installation Types" screen -
The "Available Product Components" screen -
The "Component Locations" screen in the OUI -
The "Privileged Operation System Groups" screen in the OUI -
The "Create a Database" screen in the OUI - -
The "Summary" screen in the OUI - -
Check the "Space Requirements" section to verify you have -enough disk space for the install. - - -
Check that "(91 products)" is in the "New -Installations" section title. - - -
Click "Install" - - -
A progress bar will appear for about 20- 30 minutes. Now is a good time -to take a break. - - -
A "Setup Privileges" window will popup towards the end of the -installation asking you to run a script as root - -
Run the script. - - - -
-
- + + +
+ Click "Retry" +
- +
++ The "Available Products" screen in the OUI: +
+++
- +
+ Select "Oracle 8i Enterprise Edition 8.1.7.1.0" +
- +
Click "Next"
- +
++ The "Installation Types" screen +
+++
- +
+ Select the "Custom" installation type. +
- +
Click "Next"
- +
++ The "Available Product Components" screen +
+++
- +
+ In addition to the defaults, make sure that "Oracle SQLJ + 8.1.7.0," "Oracle Protocol Support 8.1.7.0.0," and + "Linux Documentation 8.1.7.0.0" are also checked. +
- +
+ Click "Next" +
- +
+ A progress bar will appear for about 1 minute. +
- +
++ The "Component Locations" screen in the OUI +
+++
- +
+ Click on the "Java Runtime Environment 1.1.8" It + should have the path + "/ora8/m01/app/oracle/jre/1.1.8" +
- +
+ Click "Next" +
- +
+ A progress bar will appear for about 1 minute. +
- +
++ The "Privileged Operation System Groups" screen in the + OUI +
+++
- +
+ Enter "dba" for "Database Administrator + (OSDBA) Group" +
- +
+ Enter "dba" for the "Database Operator + (OSOPER) Group" +
- +
+ Click "Next" +
- +
+ A progress bar will appear for about 1 minute. +
- +
++ The "Authentication Methods" screen +
++
+ Click "Next" +
- +
++ The next screen is "Choose JDK home directory" +
+++
- +
+ Keep the default path: /usr/local/java +
- +
+ Click "Next" +
- +
++ The "Create a Database" screen in the OUI +
+++
- +
+ Select "No" as we will do this later, after some + important configuration changes. +
- +
+ Click "Next" +
- +
++ The next screen is "Oracle Product Support" +
+++
- +
+ TCP should be checked with "Status" listed as + Required +
- +
+ Click "Next" +
- +
+ The "Summary" screen in the OUI +
++
- +
+ Check the "Space Requirements" section to verify + you have enough disk space for the install. +
- +
+ Check that "(144 products)" is in the "New + Installations" section title. +
- +
+ Click "Install" +
- +
+ A progress bar will appear for about 20 - 30 minutes. Now is a + good time to take a break. +
- +
+ A "Setup Privileges" window will popup towards the + end of the installation asking you to run a script as + root +
- +
+ Run the script. +
++joeuser:~$ su - +Password: ********* +root:~# /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/root.sh ; You should see the following. Creating Oracle Inventory pointer file (/etc/oraInst.loc) Changing groupname of /ora8/m01/app/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall. -# /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.6/root.sh +# /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/root.sh Running Oracle8 root.sh script... The following environment variables are set as: ORACLE_OWNER= oracle - ORACLE_HOME= /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.6 + ORACLE_HOME= /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7 ORACLE_SID= ora8 Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: -Press ENTER here to accept default of /usr/local/bin +Press ENTER here to accept default of /usr/local/bin Creating /etc/oratab file... @@ -351,293 +629,462 @@ created by the Oracle Enterprise Manager Intelligent Agent. These files may be found in the directories you use for storing other Net8 log and trace files. - If such files exist, the OEM IA may not restart. - - -
Do not follow the instructions on deleting trace and log files, it is not -necessary. - - -
Go back to the pop-up window and click "OK" - - -
The "Configuration Tools" screen in the OUI - -
The "Welcome" screen in the "net 8 Configuration -Assistant" - -
The "Listener Configuration, Listener Name" screen in the -"Net 8 Configuration Assistant" - -
The "Listener Configuration, Select Protocols" screen in the -"Net 8 Configuration Assistant" - -
The "Listener Configuration TCP/IP Protocol" screen in the -"Net 8 Configuration Assistant" - -
The "Listener Configuration, More Listeners" screen in the -"Net 8 Configuration Assistant" -
The "Listener Configuration Done" screen in the "Net 8 -Configuration Assistant" -
The "Naming Methods Configuration" screen in the "Net 8 -Configuration Assistant" - -
The "Done" screen in the "Net 8 Configuration -Assistant" -
The "End of Installation" screen in the OUI - -
Congratulations, you have just installed Oracle 8.1.6 Server! However, you -still need to create a database which can take about an hour of -non-interactive time, so don't quit yet.
This step will take you through the steps of creating a customized -database. Be warned that this process takes about an hour on a Pentium II -with 128 MB of RAM.
Make sure you are running X. Open up a terminal and su to oracle and then -run the dbassist program. -
The "Welcome" screen in the Oracle Database Configuration Agent -(ODCA) -
The "Select database type" screen in the ODCA - -
The "Primary Database Type" window in ODCA -
The "concurrent users" screen of the ODCA -
Select "Dedicated Server Mode", click -"Next" - - -
Accept all of the options, and click "Next" -Oracle Visual Information Retrieval may be grayed out. If so, you can ignore -it; just make sure that everything else is checked. - - -
For "Global Database Name", enter -"ora8"; for "SID", also enter -"ora8" (it should do this automatically). Click -"Next". - - -
Accept the defaults for the next screen (control file location). Click -"Next" - - -
Go to the "temporary" and -"rollback" tabs, and change the Size (upper-right -text box) to 150MB. Click "Next" - - -
Increase the redo log sizes to 10000K each. Click -"Next" - - -
Use the default checkpoint interval & timeout. Click -"Next" - - -
Increase "Processes" to 100; -"Block Size" to 4096 (better for -small Linux boxes; aD uses 8192 on the big Solaris machines). - - -
Accept the defaults for the Trace File Directory. Click -"Next" - - -
Finally, select "Save information to a shell -script" and click "Finish" -(We're going to examine the contents of this file before creating our -database.) - - -
Click the "Save" button. Oracle will -automatically save it to the correct directory and with the correct file -name. This will likely be -/ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.6/assistants/dbca/jlib/sqlora8.sh - - - -
It will alert you that the script has been saved successfully. - - -
Now we need to customize the database configuration a bit. While still -logged on as oracle, edit the database initialization script -(run when the db loads). The scripts are kept in -$ORACLE_HOME/dbs and the name of the script is usually -initSID.ora where SID is the SID of your -database. Assuming your $ORACLE_HOME matches our default of -/ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.6, the following will open the -file for editing. -
Add the following line to the end: - -
Now find the open_cursors line in the file. If you're -using emacs scroll up to the top of the buffer and do -CTRL-S and type open_cursors to find the line. The -default is 100. Change it to 500. -
Save the file. In emacs, do CTRL-X CTRL-S to save followed -by CTRL-X CTRL-C to exit or use the menu. - - -
At this point, you are ready to initiate database creation. We recommend -shutting down X to free up some RAM unless you have 256 MB of RAM or more. -You can do this quickly by doing a CRTL-ALT-BACKSPACE, but make -sure you have saved any files you were editing. You should now be returned to -a text shell prompt. If you get sent to a graphical login screen instead, -switch to a virtual console by doing CRTL-ALT-F1. Then login as -oracle. - - -
Change to the directory where the database creation script is and run it: - - -
- -In some instances, Oracle will save the file to -/ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.6/assistants/dbca Try running -the script there if your first attempt does not succeed. - - -
Your database will now be built. It will take > 1 hour - no fooling. -You will see lots of errors scroll by (like: "ORA-01432: public synonym -to be dropped does not exist") Fear not, this is normal. - -
Eventually, you'll be returned to your shell prompt. In the meantime, -relax, you've earned it.
For this step, open up a terminal and su to oracle as usual. You should be -running X and Netscape for this phase.
You need to download the "Oracle Acceptance Test" file. -It's available here and at http://photo.net/wtr/oracle/acceptance-sql.txt. -Save the file to /tmp - -
In the oracle shell, copy the file. - -
Once you've got the acceptance test file all set, stay in your term -and type the following: - -
SQL*Plus should startup. If you get an ORA-01034: Oracle not -Available error, it is because your Oracle instance is not running. -You can manually start it as the oracle user.
- + +
+ Do not follow the instructions on deleting trace + and log files, it is not necessary. +
+root:~# exit +joeuser:~$ exit+ +- +
+ Go back to the pop-up window and click "OK" +
- +
++ The "Configuration Tools" screen in the OUI +
++
+ This window displays the config tools that will automatically + be launched. +
- +
++ The "Welcome" screen in the "net 8 Configuration + Assistant" +
+++
- +
+ Make sure the "Perform Typical installation" is + not selected. +
- +
+ Click "Next" +
- +
+ The "Directory Service Access" screen in the + "Net 8 Configuration Assistant" +
- +
+ Select "No" +
- +
+ Click "Next" +
- +
++ The "Listener Configuration, Listener Name" screen in + the "Net 8 Configuration Assistant" +
+++
- +
+ Accept the default listener name of "LISTENER" +
- +
+ Click "Next" +
- +
++ The "Listener Configuration, Select + Protocols" screen in the "Net 8 Configuration + Assistant" +
+++
- +
+ The only choice in "Select protocols:" should be + "TCP/IP" +
- +
+ Click "Next" +
- +
++ The "Listener Configuration TCP/IP Protocol" screen in + the "Net 8 Configuration Assistant" +
+++
- +
+ Default Port should be 1521 and selected. +
- +
+ Click "Next" +
- +
++ The "Listener Configuration, More Listeners" screen in + the "Net 8 Configuration Assistant" +
+++
- +
+ Select "No" +
- +
+ Click "Next" +
- +
++ The "Listener Configuration Done" screen in the + "Net 8 Configuration Assistant" +
++
+ Click "Next" +
- +
++ The "Naming Methods Configuration" screen + in the "Net 8 Configuration Assistant" +
+++
- +
+ Select "No" +
- +
+ Click "Next" +
- +
++ The "Done" screen in the "Net 8 Configuration + Assistant" +
++
+ Click "Finish" +
- +
+ ++ The "End of Installation" screen in the OUI +
+++
- +
+ Click "Exit" +
- +
+ Click "Yes" on the confirmation pop up window. +
- +
+ The Oracle Universal Installer window should have disappeared! +
+ Congratulations, you have just installed Oracle 8.1.7 Server! + However, you still need to create a database which can take about an + hour of non-interactive time, so don't quit yet. +
+ ++ +++ This step will take you through the steps of creating a customized + database. Be warned that this process takes about an hour on a + Pentium II with 128 MB of RAM. +
+++
- +
++ Make sure you are running X. Open up a terminal and + su to oracle and then run the + dbassist program. +
++joeuser:~$ xhost +localhost +joeuser:~$ su - oracle +Password: ********* +oracle:~$ export DISPLAY=localhost:0.0 +oracle:~$ dbassist+- +
++ The "Welcome" screen in the Oracle Database + Configuration Agent (ODCA) +
+++
- +
+ Select "Create a database" +
- +
+ Click "Next" +
- +
++ The "Select database type" screen in the ODCA +
+++
- +
+ Select "Custom" +
- +
+ Click "Next" +
- +
++ The "Primary Database Type" window in ODCA +
+++
- +
+ Select "Multipurpose" +
- +
+ Click "Next" +
- +
++ The "concurrent users" screen of the ODCA +
+++
- +
+ Select "60" concurrent users. +
- +
+ Click "Next" +
- +
+ Select "Dedicated Server + Mode", click + "Next" +
- +
+ Accept all of the options, and click + "Next" Oracle Visual + Information Retrieval may be grayed out. If so, you can ignore + it; just make sure that everything else is checked. +
- +
+ For "Global Database Name", enter + "ora8"; for + "SID", also enter + "ora8" (it should do + this automatically). Click + "Next". +
- +
+ Accept the defaults for the next screen (control file + location). Click + "Next" +
- +
+ Go to the "temporary" and + "rollback" tabs, and change the Size + (upper-right text box) to + 150MB. Click + "Next" +
- +
+ Increase the redo log sizes to + 10000K each. Click + "Next" +
- +
+ Use the default checkpoint interval & timeout. Click + "Next" +
- +
+ Increase "Processes" + to 100; + "Block Size" to + 4096 (better for small Linux + boxes; use 8192 for a big Solaris machine). +
- +
+ Accept the defaults for the Trace File Directory. Click + "Next" +
- +
+ Finally, select "Save information to a shell + script" and click + "Finish" (We're + going to examine the contents of this file before creating our + database.) +
- +
+ Click the "Save" + button. Oracle will automatically save it to the correct + directory and with the correct file name. This will likely be + /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/assistants/dbca/jlib/sqlora8.sh +
- +
+ It will alert you that the script has been saved + successfully. +
- +
++ Now we need to customize the database configuration a bit. While + still logged on as oracle, edit + the database initialization script (run when the db loads). The + scripts are kept in + $ORACLE_HOME/dbs and the name of + the script is usually + initSID.ora + where SID is the SID of your + database. Assuming your + $ORACLE_HOME matches our default + of + /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7, + the following will open the file for editing. +
++oracle:~$ emacs /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/dbs/initora8.ora+- +
++ Add the following line to the end: +
++nls_date_format = "YYYY-MM-DD"+- +
++ Now find the open_cursors line + in the file. If you're using + emacs scroll up to the top of + the buffer and do CTRL-S and + type open_cursors to find the + line. The default is 100. Change + it to 500. +
++open_cursors = 500+- +
+ Save the file. In emacs, do CTRL-X + CTRL-S to save followed by + CTRL-X CTRL-C to exit or use + the menu. +
- +
+ At this point, you are ready to initiate database creation. We + recommend shutting down X to free up some RAM unless you have 256 + MB of RAM or more. You can do this quickly by doing a + CRTL-ALT-BACKSPACE, but make + sure you have saved any files you were editing. You should now be + returned to a text shell prompt. If you get sent to a graphical + login screen instead, switch to a virtual console by doing + CRTL-ALT-F1. Then login as + oracle. +
- +
++ Change to the directory where the database creation script is and + run it: +
++oracle:~$ cd /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/assistants/dbca/jlib +oracle:/ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/assistants/dbca/jlib$ ./sqlora8.sh++ In some instances, Oracle will save the file to + /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/assistants/dbca + Try running the script there if your first attempt does not + succeed. +
+- +
++ Your database will now be built. It will take > 1 hour - no + fooling. You will see lots of errors scroll by (like: + "ORA-01432: public synonym to be dropped does not + exist") Fear not, this is normal. +
++ Eventually, you'll be returned to your shell prompt. In the + meantime, relax, you've earned it. +
++ ++ For this step, open up a terminal and + su to + oracle as usual. You should be + running X and Netscape (or other web browser) for this phase. +
++
- +
+ You need to download the "Oracle Acceptance Test" file. + It's available here and at http://philip.greenspun.com/wtr/oracle/acceptance-sql.txt. + Save the file to /tmp +
- +
++ In the oracle shell, copy the file. +
++oracle:~$ cp /tmp/acceptance-sql.txt /tmp/acceptance.sql+- +
+ Once you've got the acceptance test file all set, stay in + your term and type the following: +
++oracle:~$ sqlplus system/manager++ SQL*Plus should startup. If you get an ORA-01034: + Oracle not Available error, it is because your + Oracle instance is not running. You can manually start it as + the oracle user.
++oracle:~$ svrmgrl SVRMGR> connect internal -SVRMGR> startup - -
Now that you're into SQL*Plus, change the default passwords for -system, sys, and ctxsys to "alexisahunk" (or to something -you'll remember): -
- +
+ Now that you're into SQL*Plus, change the default passwords + for system, sys, and ctxsys to "alexisahunk" (or to + something you'll remember): +
+SQL> alter user system identified by alexisahunk; SQL> alter user sys identified by alexisahunk; -SQL> alter user ctxsys identified by alexisahunk; -
Verify that your date settings are correct. -
-If you don't see a date that fits the format YYYY-MM-DD, -please read Section 5.8.. - - -
At this point we are going to hammer your database with an intense -acceptance test. This usually takes around 30 minutes. -
- +
++ Verify that your date settings are correct. +
++SQL> select sysdate from dual;++ If you don't see a date that fits the format + YYYY-MM-DD, please read the section called “Troubleshooting Oracle Dates”. +
+- +
+ At this point we are going to hammer your database with an + intense acceptance test. This usually takes around 30 minutes. +
+SQL> @ /tmp/acceptance.sql ; A bunch of lines will scroll by. You'll know if the test worked if @@ -647,56 +1094,118 @@ ---------- 2000-06-10 -SQL> - -
Many people encounter an error regarding maximum key -length:
+ Many people encounter an error regarding maximum + key length: +
+ERROR at line 1: -ORA-01450: maximum key length (758) exceeded - -
This error occurs if your database block size is wrong and is usually -suffered by people trying to load the ACS into a pre-existing database. -Unfortunately, the only solution is to create a new database with a block -size of at least 4096. For instructions on how to do this, -see Section 5.5. above. You can set the -parameter using the dbassist program or by setting the -DB_BLOCK_SIZE parameter in your database's creation -script.
If there were no errors, then consider yourself fortunate. Your Oracle -installation is working.
You will want to automate the database startup and shutdown process. -It's probably best to have Oracle spring to life when you boot up your -machine.
Oracle includes a script called dbstart that can be used -to automatically start the database. Unfortunately, the script shipped in the -Linux distribution does not work out of the box. The fix is simple. Follow -these directions to apply it. First, save dbstart -to /tmp. Then login, and su to oracle.
While you're logged in as oracle, you should -configure the oratab file to load your database at start. -Edit the file /etc/oratab:
You will see this line.
By the way, if you changed the service name or have multiple databases, -the format of this file is
service_name:$ORACLE_HOME:Y || N (for -autoload)
Change the last letter from "N" to "Y". This tells -Oracle that you want the database to start when the machine boots. It should -look like this. -
Save the file & quit the terminal. +ORA-01450: maximum key length (758) exceeded +
+ This error occurs if your database block size is wrong and is + usually suffered by people trying to load OpenACS into a + pre-existing database. Unfortunately, the only solution is to + create a new database with a block size of at least + 4096. For instructions on how to + do this, see the section called “Creating the First Database” above. You + can set the parameter using the + dbassist program or by setting + the DB_BLOCK_SIZE parameter in + your database's creation script. +
++ If there were no errors, then consider yourself fortunate. Your + Oracle installation is working. +
++ You will want to automate the database startup and shutdown process. + It's probably best to have Oracle spring to life when you boot up + your machine. +
++ Oracle includes a script called + dbstart that can be used to + automatically start the database. Unfortunately, the script + shipped in the Linux distribution does not work out of the + box. The fix is simple. Follow these directions to apply + it. First, save dbstart to + /tmp. Then, as + oracle, do the following: +
++oracle:~$ cp /tmp/dbstart.txt /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/bin/dbstart +oracle:~$ chmod 755 /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/bin/dbstart+
- -
You need a script to automate startup and shutdown. Save oracle8i.txt in /tmp. Then login as -root and install the script.
Test the script by typing the following commands and checking the output.
+
- +
+You will see this line.
++ora8:/ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7:N++ By the way, if you changed the service name or have multiple + databases, the format of this file is: +
++ service_name:$ORACLE_HOME:Y || N + (for autoload) +
+- +
++ Change the last letter from "N" to + "Y". This tells Oracle that you want the database + to start when the machine boots. It should look like this. +
++ora8:/ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7:Y+- +
+ Save the file & quit the terminal. +
+ ++ You need a script to automate startup and shutdown. Save oracle8i.txt in + /tmp. Then login as + root and install the + script. (Debian users: substitute + /etc/init.d for + /etc/rc.d/init.d throughout + this section) +
++oracle:~$ su - +root:~# cp /tmp/oracle8i.txt /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle8i +root:~# chown root.root /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle8i +root:~# chmod 700 /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle8i++ + Test the script by typing the following commands and checking the + output. (Debian Users: as root, do mkdir + /var/lock/subsys first) +
++root:~# /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle8i stop Oracle 8i auto start/stop Shutting Oracle8i: Oracle Server Manager Release 3.1.6.0.0 - Production @@ -713,9 +1222,9 @@ ORACLE instance shut down. SVRMGR> Server Manager complete. -Database "ora8" shut down. +Database "ora8" shut down. -# /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle8i start +root:~# /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle8i start Oracle 8i auto start/stop Starting Oracle8i: SQL*Plus: Release 8.1.6.0.0 - Production on Sat Jun 10 17:56:02 2000 @@ -734,34 +1243,81 @@ Database opened. SQL> Disconnected -Database "ora8" warm started. - -
If it worked, then run these commands to make the startup and shutdown -automatic.
+ + If it worked, then run these commands to make the startup and + shutdown automatic. +
++
- +
Red Hat users:
++root:~# cd /etc/rc.d/init.d/ +root:~# chkconfig --add oracle8i +root:~# chkconfig --list oracle8i ; You should see: -oracle8i 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off - -
You also need some scripts to automate startup and shutdown of the -Oracle8i listener. The listener is a name server that allows your Oracle -programs to talk to local and remote databases using a standard naming -convention. It is required for Intermedia Text and full site search.
Download these three scripts into /tmp
Now issue the following commands (still as root).
Test the listener automation by running the following commands and -checking the output.
+ + + +Debian users:
++root:~# update-rc.d oracle8i defaults + Adding system startup for /etc/init.d/oracle8i ... + /etc/rc0.d/K20oracle8i -> ../init.d/oracle8i + /etc/rc1.d/K20oracle8i -> ../init.d/oracle8i + /etc/rc6.d/K20oracle8i -> ../init.d/oracle8i + /etc/rc2.d/S20oracle8i -> ../init.d/oracle8i + /etc/rc3.d/S20oracle8i -> ../init.d/oracle8i + /etc/rc4.d/S20oracle8i -> ../init.d/oracle8i + /etc/rc5.d/S20oracle8i -> ../init.d/oracle8i++ + You also need some scripts to automate startup and shutdown of + the Oracle8i listener. The listener is a name server that allows + your Oracle programs to talk to local and remote databases using + a standard naming convention. It is required for Intermedia Text + and full site search. +
++ Download these three scripts into + /tmp +
+++
- +
+ startlsnr.txt +
- +
+ stoplsnr.txt +
- +
+ listener8i.txt +
+ Now issue the following commands (still as + root). +
++root:~# su - oracle +oracle:~$ cp /tmp/startlsnr.txt /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/bin/startlsnr +oracle:~$ cp /tmp/stoplsnr.txt /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/bin/stoplsnr +oracle:~$ chmod 700 /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/bin/startlsnr +oracle:~$ chmod 700 /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/bin/stoplsnr +oracle:~$ exit +root:~# cp /tmp/listener8i.txt /etc/rc.d/init.d/listener8i +root:~# cd /etc/rc.d/init.d +root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# chmod 700 listener8i++ Test the listener automation by running the following commands + and checking the output. +
++root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# ./listener8i stop Oracle 8i listener start/stop Shutting down Listener for 8i: LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 8.1.6.0.0 - Production on 10-JUN-2000 18:28:49 @@ -779,11 +1335,11 @@ (c) Copyright 1998, 1999, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved. -Starting /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.6/bin/tnslsnr: please wait... +Starting /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/bin/tnslsnr: please wait... TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 8.1.6.0.0 - Production -System parameter file is /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.6/network/admin/listener.ora -Log messages written to /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.6/network/log/listener.log +System parameter file is /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/network/admin/listener.ora +Log messages written to /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/network/log/listener.log Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost.localdomain)(PORT=1521))) Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC))) @@ -797,17 +1353,24 @@ Trace Level off Security OFF SNMP OFF -Listener Parameter File /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.6/network/admin/listener.ora -Listener Log File /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.6/network/log/listener.log +Listener Parameter File /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/network/admin/listener.ora +Listener Log File /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/network/log/listener.log Services Summary... PLSExtProc has 1 service handler(s) ora8 has 1 service handler(s) -The command completed successfully - -
This test will verify that the listener is operating normally. Login into -the database using the listener naming convention.
sqlplus username/password/@SID
+ This test will verify that the listener is operating + normally. Login into the database using the listener naming + convention. +
++ sqlplus + username/password/@SID +
++root:~# su - oracle +oracle:~$ sqlplus system/alexisahunk@ora8 SQL> select sysdate from dual; @@ -816,71 +1379,243 @@ 2000-06-10 SQL> exit -$ exit -# - -
Now run chkconfig on the listener8i script.
Test the automation
As a final test, reboot your computer and make sure Oracle comes up. You -can do this by typing
-Log back in and ensure that Oracle started automatically. -
+
- +
+RedHat users:
++ Now run chkconfig on the + listener8i script. +
++root:~# cd /etc/rc.d/init.d/ +root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# chkconfig --add listener8i +root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# chkconfig --list listener8i +listener8i 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off+- +
+Debian users:
++ Now run update-rc.d on the + listener8i script. +
++root:~# update-rc.d listener8i defaults 21 19 + Adding system startup for /etc/init.d/listener8i ... + /etc/rc0.d/K19listener8i -> ../init.d/listener8i + /etc/rc1.d/K19listener8i -> ../init.d/listener8i + /etc/rc6.d/K19listener8i -> ../init.d/listener8i + /etc/rc2.d/S21listener8i -> ../init.d/listener8i + /etc/rc3.d/S21listener8i -> ../init.d/listener8i + /etc/rc4.d/S21listener8i -> ../init.d/listener8i + /etc/rc5.d/S21listener8i -> ../init.d/listener8i++ + Test the automation +
++ As a final test, reboot your computer and make sure Oracle comes + up. You can do this by typing +
++root:~# /sbin/shutdown -r -t 0 now++ Log back in and ensure that Oracle started automatically. +
++joeuser:~$ su - oracle +oracle:~$ sqlplus system/alexisahunk@ora8 -SQL> exit - -
Congratulations, your installation of Oracle 8.1.6 is complete.
Oracle has an internal representation for storing the data based on the -number of seconds elapsed since some date. However, for the purposes of -inputing dates into Oracle and getting them back out, Oracle needs to be told -to use a specific date format. By default, it uses an Oracle-specific format -which isn't copacetic. You want Oracle to use the ANSI-compliant date -format which is of form 'YYYY-MM-DD'.
To fix this, you should include the following line in -$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initSID.ora or for -the default case, -$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initora8.ora
-You test whether this solved the problem by firing up -sqlplus and typing: -
You should see back a date like 2000-06-02. If some of the -date is chopped off, i.e. like 2000-06-0, everything is still -fine. The problem here is that sqlplus is simply truncating -the output. You can fix this by typing:
+ Congratulations, your installation of Oracle 8.1.7 is + complete. +
+ ++ ++ Oracle has an internal representation for storing the data based on + the number of seconds elapsed since some date. However, for the + purposes of inputing dates into Oracle and getting them back out, + Oracle needs to be told to use a specific date format. By default, it + uses an Oracle-specific format which isn't copacetic. You want + Oracle to use the ANSI-compliant date format which is of form + 'YYYY-MM-DD'. +
++ To fix this, you should include the following line in + $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initSID.ora + or for the default case, + $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initora8.ora +
++nls_date_format = "YYYY-MM-DD"++ You test whether this solved the problem by firing up + sqlplus and typing: +
++SQL> select sysdate from dual;++ You should see back a date like + 2000-06-02. If some of the date is + chopped off, i.e. like 2000-06-0, + everything is still fine. The problem here is that + sqlplus is simply truncating the + output. You can fix this by typing: +
+SQL> column sysdate format a15 -SQL> select sysdate from dual; -
If the date does not conform to this format, double-check that you -included the necessary line in the init scripts. If it still isn't -working, make sure that you have restarted the database since adding the line -if you didn't do it prior to database creation.
If you're sure that you have restarted the database since adding the -line, check your initialization scripts. Make sure that the following line is -not included:
Setting this environment variable will override the date setting. Either -delete this line and login again or add the following entry to your login -scripts after the nls_lang line:
Log back in again. If adding the nls_date_format line -doesn't help, you can ask for advice in our -web/db forum.
Dropping a tablespace
Run sqlplus as the dba:
To drop a user and all of the tables and data owned by that user:
To drop the tablespace: This will delete everything in the tablespace -overriding any referential integrity constraints. Run this command only if -you want to clean out your database entirely. -
For more information on Oracle, please consult the documentation.
We used the following defaults while installing Oracle.
| Variable | Value | Reason |
| ORACLE_HOME | /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.6 | This is the default Oracle installation directory. |
| ORACLE_SERVICE | ora8 | The service name is a domain-qualified identifier for your Oracle -server. |
| ORACLE_SID | ora8 | This is an identifier for your Oracle server. |
| ORACLE_OWNER | oracle | The user who owns all of the oracle files. |
| ORACLE_GROUP | dba | The special oracle group. Users in the dba group are authorized to do a -connect internal within svrmgrl to gain full system -access to the Oracle system. |
+ If the date does not conform to this format, double-check that you + included the necessary line in the init scripts. If it still + isn't working, make sure that you have restarted the database + since adding the line if you didn't do it prior to database + creation. +
++ If you're sure that you have restarted the database since adding + the line, check your initialization scripts. Make sure that the + following line is not included: +
++export nls_lang = american+
+ Setting this environment variable will override the date + setting. Either delete this line and login again or add the following + entry to your login scripts after the + nls_lang line: +
++export nls_date_format = 'YYYY-MM-DD'+
+ Log back in again. If adding the + nls_date_format line doesn't + help, you can ask for advice in our OpenACS forum. +
+ ++ Dropping a tablespace +
++ Run sqlplus as the dba: +
++oracle:~$ sqlplus system/changeme+
+ To drop a user and all of the tables and data owned by that + user: +
+
+SQL> drop user oracle_user_name cascade;
++ To drop the tablespace: This will delete everything in the + tablespace overriding any referential integrity + constraints. Run this command only if you want to clean out + your database entirely. +
+
+SQL> drop tablespace table_space_name including contents cascade constraints;
++ For more information on Oracle, please consult the documentation. +
+We used the following defaults while installing Oracle.
+| Variable | +Value | +Reason | +
|---|---|---|
| ORACLE_HOME | +/ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7 | +This is the default Oracle installation directory. | +
| ORACLE_SERVICE | +ora8 | +The service name is a domain-qualified identifier for + your Oracle server. | +
| ORACLE_SID | +ora8 | +This is an identifier for your Oracle server. | +
| ORACLE_OWNER | +oracle | +The user who owns all of the oracle files. | +
| ORACLE_GROUP | +dba | +The special oracle group. Users in the dba group are + authorized to do a connect + internal within + svrmgrl to gain full system + access to the Oracle system. | +